Foken T. Micrometeorology

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.
e-ISBN: 978-3-540-74666-9.Symbols.
General Basics.
Micrometeorology.
Atmospheric Scales.
Atmospheric Boundary Layer.
Energy Balance at the Earth’s Surface.
Water Balance Equation.
Basic Equations of Atmospheric Turbulence.
Equation of Motion.
Navier-Stokes Equation of Mean Motion.
Turbulent Equation of Motion.
Closure Techniques.
Equation of the Turbulent Kinetic Energy.
Flux-Gradient Similarity.
Flux-Variance Similarity.
Turbulence Spectrum.
Specifics of the Near-Surface Turbulence.
Properties of the Underlying Surface.
nternal Boundary Layers.
Obstacles.
Footprint.
High Vegetation.
Conditions Under Stable Stratification.
Energy Balance Closure.
Experimental Methods for Estimating the Fluxes of Energy and Matter.
Eddy-Covariance Method.
Profile Method.
Flux-Variance Methods.
Accumulation Methods.
Fluxes of Chemical Substances.
Modeling of the Energy and Matter Exchange.
Energy Balance Methods.
Hydrodynamical Multilayer Models.
Resistance Approach.
Modeling of Water Surfaces.
Modeling in Large-Scale Models.
Large-Eddy Simulation.
Area Averaging.
Measuring Technique.
Data Collection.
Measurement of Meteorological Elements.
Quality Assurance.
Microclimatology.
Climatological Scales.
Small-Scale Changes of Climate Elements.
Microclimate Relevant Circulations.
Local Cold-Air Flows.
Microclimatological Measurements.
Applied Meteorology.
Distribution of Air Pollution.
Meteorological Conditions of Wind Energy Use.
Sound Propagation in the Atmosphere.
Human Biometeorology.
Perspectives of the Applied Meteorology.
Appendix.Register of Sources.